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Derrick Cave
Derrick Cave is a lava tube cavern located in the remote northwest corner of Lake County, Oregon. The cave is approximately long. It is up to wide and high in places. It was named in honor of H.E. Derrick, a pioneer rancher with a homestead southeast of the cave. The land around the cave is managed by the United States Department of Interior, Bureau of Land Management. Derrick Cave is open to the public year-round; however, camping is no longer permitted in the cave.
== Geology ==
Derrick Cave is a classic lava tube structure. It was created by lava flowing downhill from a volcanic vent located north of the cave. Lava from the vent also created ''Devils Garden'', a lava bed southwest of the cave. Most of the lava deposited around the Devils Garden area was delivered through the Derrick Cave lava tube.〔Larson, Charlie and Jo Larson, "Derrick Cave", ''Central Oregon Caves'', ABC Publishing, Vancouver, Washington, 1987, pp. 24–26.〕〔("Derrick Cave" ), Lakeview District, Bureau of Land Management, United States Department of Interior, Lakeview, Oregon, 27 August 2013.〕〔Witty, Jim, ("Derrick Cave" ), ''The Bulletin'', Bend Oregon, 17 February 2006.〕〔Sullivan, William L, "Derrick Cave", ''Hiking Oregon’s History'', Navillus Press, Eugene, Oregon, 2000, pp. 21–23.〕
Derrick Cave began as an open channel of lava flowing south from a large volcanic vent. Eventually, a lava crust solidified over the top of the flowing lava. This formed a roof over the river, enclosing it in a lava tunnel or tube. When the eruption from the vent stopped, the lava drained out of the tube leaving a lava tube cave behind. After the cave cooled, several sections of its roof collapsed. These collapsed ceiling sections provided entrances to both the uphill (northeast) and downhill (southwest) parts of the cave.〔〔〔〔Larson, Charlie and Jo Larson, "How Lavatubes are Formed", ''Central Oregon Caves'', ABC Publishing, Vancouver, Washington, 1987, pp. 9.〕
The age of the eruption that formed Derrick Cave has not been definitively determined. However, it is known that the flow is no older than 13,000 years and no younger than 6,845 year-old, dated from overlaying Mount Mazama tephra that blankets the entire Devils Garden area including the surface area above Derrick Cave.〔("Devils Garden Project" ), Northwest Research Obsidian Studies Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon, 28 March 2007.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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